![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.dominicana-online.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/02\/cover-constitucion-republica-dominicana.jpg\")
<\/a>Sources of the Constitution of 1844<\/b><\/h2>\nThe direct sources of our first constitution were:<\/p>\n
- \n
- The U.S. Constitution of 1787, from which we adopted the presidential system;<\/li>\n
- The French constitutions of 1799 and 1814, which determined the essential nature of the adoption of the bicameral legislature system.<\/li>\n
- The Political Constitution of the Spanish Monarchy of March 18, 1812, known as the Constitution of Cadiz, which inspired the municipal divisions and the provincial system.<\/li>\n
- The Haitian constitutions of 1816 and 1843, of which 113 were copied, out of only 211 in the constitution of San Crist\u00f3bal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
For the drafting of the first Constitution the country formed a commission composed of: Vicente\u00a0Mancebo, Buenaventura\u00a0B\u00e1ez, Manuel Mar\u00eda Valencia, Juli\u00e1n de Aponte and\u00a0Andr\u00e9s\u00a0Roz\u00f3n.<\/p>\n
C<\/b>haracteristics and Structure of the Dominican Constitution<\/b><\/h2>\n
It\u2019s important to note that the reformed\u00a0constitution\u00a0of\u00a0April 29, 1963 introduces social constitutionalism to the country and contains a marked declaration of fundamental principles, among them the consecration, in article 4, of the social function of private property, when it states “As a general rule, property should serve the progress and well-being of the whole.”<\/p>\n
It gives equal importance to labor, as in article 2, ab-initio explains: “The existence of the Dominican nation is founded principally on labor; this is declared as a principle foundation for its social, political and economic organization, and establishes an inescapable obligation for all able Dominicans.”<\/p>\n
Additionally, in the 2010 constitution the authors incorporate a section about human rights of the third and fourth generation, including the right to give birth and live in a clean environment, free of contamination and the protection of the human condition in a technological society. This version of the Magna Carta also includes gender equality and ensures the participation of Dominican society in the presentation of law proposals before the Congress.<\/p>\n
Constitutional Reforms<\/b><\/h2>\n
The Dominican Constitution has been modified 39 times since\u00a0its\u00a0proclamation\u00a0in November, 1844.\u00a0Below is a list of dates during which these modifications\u00a0occurred\u00a0[1]<\/a>:<\/p>\n
- \n
- February 27,\u00a01857<\/li>\n
- December 16,\u00a01854<\/li>\n
- February 19,\u00a0 1858 (Constituent)<\/li>\n
- November 14, 1865 (Constituent)<\/li>\n
- September 27,\u00a0\u00a01866<\/li>\n
- April 26,\u00a01868<\/li>\n
- September 14,\u00a01872<\/li>\n
- March 14, 1874 (Constituent)<\/li>\n
- March 9,\u00a01875<\/li>\n
- March 31,\u00a01876<\/li>\n
- May 7,\u00a01877<\/li>\n
- May 11,\u00a01878<\/li>\n
- February\u00a011,\u00a01879<\/li>\n
- May 17,\u00a01880<\/li>\n
- November 23,\u00a01881<\/li>\n
- November 15,\u00a01887<\/li>\n
- \u00a0June 12,\u00a01896<\/li>\n
- June 14,\u00a01907<\/li>\n
- February 22, (Constituent)<\/li>\n
- June 13, 1924 (Constituent)<\/li>\n
- June 15,\u00a01927<\/li>\n
- January 9,\u00a01929<\/li>\n
- June 20,\u00a01929<\/li>\n
- January 10,\u00a01932<\/li>\n
- June 9,\u00a01934<\/li>\n
- January 10,\u00a01947<\/li>\n
- December 1,\u00a01955<\/li>\n
- November 7,\u00a01959<\/li>\n
- June 28,\u00a01960<\/li>\n
- December 2,\u00a01960<\/li>\n
- December 29,\u00a01961<\/li>\n
- September 16,\u00a01962<\/li>\n
- April 29,\u00a01963 (Constituent)<\/li>\n
- August 9,\u00a0\u00a01965<\/li>\n
- November 28,\u00a0\u00a01966<\/li>\n
- August 14,\u00a01994<\/li>\n
- July 25,\u00a02002<\/li>\n
- January 26,\u00a02010<\/li>\n
- May 28,\u00a02015<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Since its declaration and throughout history, 15 Dominican governments have altered the Constitution. The most frequent change has been related to presidential reelection. Other topics that have been reformed in the Dominican Constitution include the reaffirmation of the bicameral\u00a0system; the inclusion of the direct vote for political magistrates and the strengthening of women\u2019s political rights.<\/p>\n
References<\/b>:<\/b>\u00a0<\/span>
\nhttp:\/\/www.poderjudicial.gob.do\/documentos\/PDF\/constitucion\/Constitucion.pdf<\/a><\/span>
\nhttp:\/\/www.listindiario.com\/puntos-de-vista\/2012\/11\/20\/255799\/los-derechos-fundamentales<\/a><\/span>
\nhttp:\/\/eldia.com.do\/reformas-constitucionales-que-ha-sufrido-la-carta-magna-del-pais-desde-1844\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\nConstitutional Milestones<\/b><\/h2>\n
In Dominican constitutional history, there are some aspects that have become keys to the structure of our political regime, and a consensus, to some degree, has been established around them for the maintenance of our Constitution. Among them are:<\/p>\n
- \n
- The reaffirmation of the bicameral system.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- The suppression of ministerial endorsement of the President of the Republic’s acts\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- The establishment of direct suffrage for the political tribunals.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Outlawing of the death penalty.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- The extension of women\u2019s political rights and the establishment of gender equality.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- The establishment of the expropriation of private property for the purpose of public use and social interest.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- The principle of dual citizenship.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Life time\u00a0tenure\u00a0of judges.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- Administrative and financial Independence of the Judicial Branch.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- The incorporation of a run-off election, in which one of the presidential candidates must obtain at least 50 percent or more of the total votes to win the election.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- The incorporation of rights for senior citizens.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- The creation of a Constitutional Tribunal and Supreme Electoral Tribunal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
References:<\/span>
\nhttp:\/\/www.poderjudicial.gob.do\/documentos\/PDF\/constitucion\/Constitucion.pdf<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\nhttp:\/\/www.listindiario.com\/puntos-de-vista\/2012\/11\/20\/255799\/los-derechos-fundamentales<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\nhttp:\/\/eldia.com.do\/reformas-constitucionales-que-ha-sufrido-la-carta-magna-del-pais-desde-1844\/<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n[1]<\/a>\u00a0Article from October 15, 2006, from the political section of the newspaper:\u00a0El Nuevo\u00a0Diario<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
The Dominican constitution is the highest collection of laws that regulate the development of the every level of the country’s daily life.\u00a0The first Constitution dates back to November 6, 1844 and, throughout the years, has experienced various reforms. Sources of the Constitution of 1844 The direct sources of our first constitution were: The U.S. … Continue reading “Dominican Constitution”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1520,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1145","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dominicanaonline.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1145"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dominicanaonline.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dominicanaonline.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dominicanaonline.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dominicanaonline.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1145"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.dominicanaonline.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1145\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10434,"href":"https:\/\/www.dominicanaonline.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1145\/revisions\/10434"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dominicanaonline.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1520"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dominicanaonline.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1145"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
- The suppression of ministerial endorsement of the President of the Republic’s acts\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
- The reaffirmation of the bicameral system.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n