The orography of the Dominican Republic is composed of mountain ranges, sierras and karstic regions that form a northwest-southeast, irregular chain with constant changes on the surface level. These formations emerged due to geological processes on the island, in which faults and movements in the structural folds played a decisive role. These breaks and movements began in the middle of the Jurassic period, in the Mesozoic Era, approximately 130 million years ago, and were a product of the three foliation lines that gave birth to the Antillean arc.